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Mohawk people
The Mohawk people (who identify as Kanien'kehá:ka) are the most easterly tribe of the Iroquois Confederacy, and are also known as the “People of the Flint Place.” They are an Iroquoian-speaking indigenous people of North America. They were historically based in the Mohawk Valley in present-day upstate New York west of Albany; their territory ranged to the St. Lawrence River and present-day southern Quebec and eastern Ontario, greater New Jersey, and southward into present-day Pennsylvania, eastward to the Green Mountains of Vermont, and westward to the border with the Oneida Nation's traditional homeland territory. As one of the five original members of the Iroquois League, or Haudenosaunee, the Mohawk were known as the Keepers of the Eastern Door. For hundreds of years, they guarded the Iroquois Confederation against invasion from that direction by tribes from the New England and lower New York areas. Their current major settlements include areas around Lake Ontario and the St Lawrence River in Canada and New York.
The Dutch derived the name "Mohawk" from the term used for the Kanien'kehá:ka by the competing ''Muh-heck Heek Ing,'' an Algonguian-speaking tribe (whom the Dutch called "Mohican" or "Mahican"). The Mohican/Mahican referred to the Kanien'kehá:ka as ''Maw Unk Lin'' (Bear Place People). The Dutch transliterated this as "Mohawk".
== Origins of name ==
In the Mohawk language, the people say that they are from Kanien'kehá:ka or "Flint Stone Place". The Mohawk became wealthy traders as other nations in their confederacy needed their flint for tool making. Their Algonquian-speaking neighbors (and competitors), the people of ''Muh-heck Heek Ing'' (Food Area Place), a name transliterated by the Dutch as Mohican or Mahican, called the People of Ka-nee-en Ka "Maw Unk Lin" (meaning Bear People). The Dutch heard and wrote this as "Mohawk". The Dutch also referred to the Mohawk as ''"Egil"'' or "''Maqua''". The French adapted these terms as ''Aignier'', and ''Maqui'', respectively, or called them by the generic ''Iroquois'', a French derivation of the Algonquian term for the Five Nations, meaning Snake People.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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